The pharmaceuticalisation of disease prevention generates new ideas regarding public health and infection control. Recent trials have proven antiretroviral medication pre-exposure prohylaxis (PrEP) in preventing HIV transmission amongst men who have sex with men. These trials herald the possibility of a pill that prevents HIV. They constitute a turning point in community and policy advocacy regarding the promise of PrEP. How PrEP is portrayed in trial and other forms of evidence will shape its meaning and implementation. At least two scenarios can be anticipated: (i) PrEP has zero sum effect whereby it overrides, or substitutes, current prevention (for example, condoms); or (ii) PrEP generates synergy between new and existing efforts towards higher impact prevention. PrEP will shape new forms of patienthood and prevention responsibility, while questions of equity, eligibility and how to navigate multiple systemic and material factors are core to its delivery. Documenting the making of PrEP alongside its actualization into the real world is an invaluable opportunity to explore the pharmaceuticalisation of public health. This project will develop a funding proposal and collaboration to investigate PrEP and its implementation across three European cities (London, Paris, Amsterdam) at the forefront of innovation in the post-trial era of its implementation.