The earth is experiencing a sharp increase in extinctions, which may produce a ‘sixth mass extinction event’ in just a few centuries. Mass Extinction: Indigenous Visions will engage with indigenous communities from around the world to develop a pluralistic conceptual framework for responding to this crisis. It aims to criticize, decolonize and pluralize existing conceptions of extinction and mass extinction, which draw solely on Western secular scientific ontology. Furthermore, it will contribute to creating a global-ethical framework for addressing the ontological and ethical dimensions of the unfolding extinction crisis. Many existing strategies aimed at mobilizing indigenous or ‘traditional’ ecology instrumentalize indigenous knowledge to scientific programs of management (e.g. conservation, seed and gene banks, synthetic biology). In contrast, this project will rebuild conceptions of (mass) extinction by drawing on indigenous ontologies from a number of regions: the circumpolar Arctic; North America; Hawai’i; Aotearoa New Zealand; southeast Asia; and Madagascar. It will bring together a group of leading indigenous and non-indigenous scholars with expertise across several fields: indigenous studies; anthropology; philosophy; science and technology studies; history; education; global ethics; and global governance. These approaches will be integrated to create an innovative, bespoke methodology for fostering rich dialogues about the global extinction crisis with diverse indigenous communities. During the proposed residential, the network will create the basis for a 5-7 year collaborative project, including a comprehensive methodology, research design, theoretical framework and research agenda. This research programme will further the goals of the ISRF by inaugurating an innovative, timely research agenda whose ‘blue-sky’, experimental approach and interdisciplinarity place it outside the remit of most funding bodies at this developmental stage. It will develop concrete responses to a set of profound real-life problems – not only the potential extinction of most currently-existing life forms, but also the global marginalization of indigenous peoples.