This project explores one of the most pressing sets of questions for modern social science and its relation to policy. What are the effects on a system of social policy when numerical quantification and evaluation is introduced into that system? How does the use of numerical evaluation exclude, trivialize or distort other systems of political, moral and social evaluation? What are the political and moral consequences of this shift towards numerical evaluation? These questions are addressed with respect to three distinct strands of social policy — education, climate change and healthcare — three areas where social science, policy and the gritty world of politics interact with intense urgency. 

International and interdisciplinary in its conception, each strand of the research will be conducted by a team from a different major research university — Chicago, Cambridge, Santa Barbara California. The Cambridge project will focus on healthcare, looking at the role of numerical quantification in the British National Health Service (NHS). In healthcare the UK has led the world in basing the allocation of scarce resources on quantitative economic models. From its inception, the National Institute of Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) has assessed novel interventions in terms of Quality-Adjusted-Life-Years (QALYs). QALYs are now the prime means of evaluating decisions about resource allocation, yet there is no scholarly history of their introduction, nor any detailed account of their effects on the processes of healthcare. How did the dominance of QALYs come about? What effect does the use of QALYs have on the behaviour of actors within the hospital system? Furthermore, what are the philosophical underpinnings, implications and limitations of the use of QALYs as a method of evaluation? This strand of the project will address these questions using a unique range of interdisciplinary approaches in order to produce a fully articulated account of both the historical and anthropological details and the wider social policy implications of numerical quantification within the NHS.